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| Names | Hôraiza Shinboriza Kawarazakiza |
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| City | Edo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History |
1656: opening of the Kawarazakiza by Kawarazaki Gonnosuke I. October 1670: the number of Kabuki theaters in the city of Edo is set to 4 by the authorities. The authorized theaters are the Nakamuraza (in the district of Sakai-chô), the Ichimura-Takenojôza (Fukiya-chô), Moritaza (Kobiki-chô) and the Yamamuraza (Kobiki-chô). 22 July 1690: the zamoto Kawarazaki Gonnosuke I (1596~1690) dies. 1735 ~ 1744: first period of production for the Kawarazakiza since the implementation of the rule limitating the number of theaters in Edo, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. November 1737: the play "Dan no Ura Kabuto Gunki" is staged for the first time in Edo, at the Kawarazakiza, as a kaomise drama titled "Uruoizuki Ninin Kagekiyo". It is produced with the following casting:
4 August 1738: the zamoto Kawarazaki Gonnosuke II dies. 24 January 1775: the zamoto Kawarazaki Gonnosuke III dies. 1790 ~ 1797: second period of production for the Kawarazakiza, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. April 1792: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance "Tenaraiko", which is performed by the star Iwai Hanshirô IV as part of a seven-role hengemono titled "Kakitsubata Nanae no Someginu". May 1794: the drama "Yoshitsune Sembon Zakura" is staged for the first time at the Kawarazakiza (only the 4th act) with the following casting: Bandô Hikosaburô III (Minamoto Yoshitsune), Osagawa Tsuneyo II (Shizuka Gozen), Iwai Hanshirô IV (Tadanobu, the fox Genkurô) and Ichikawa Ebizô (Noritsune). 1796: Kawarazaki Chôjûrô II takes the name of Kawarazaki Gonnosuke V and manages the Kawarazakiza up to his death in 1830. 1800 ~ 1808: third period of production for the Kawarazakiza, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. November 1801: Morita Kan'ya VIII and his son Morita Matakichi respectively take the names of Bandô Yasosuke I and Morita Kan'ya IX at the Kawarazakiza, playing in the drama "Ume ni Suisen Iro no Udezuku". June 1802: the drama "Natsu Matsuri Naniwa Kagami" is produced at the Kawarazakiza for the first time, staged with the following casting:
July 1804: Matsusuke achieves a great success at the Kawarazakiza, playing the role of Tenjiku Tokubei in the drama "Tenjiku Tokubei Ikoku Banashi". This role becomes an important one for the best tachiyaku of the Otowaya guild. 1815 ~ 1817: fourth period of production for the Kawarazakiza, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. July 1815: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of Tsuruya Namboku IV's drama "Haji Momiji Ase no Kaomise" (commonly called "Date no Jûyaku", in English the ten roles of Date), whose plot and characters belong to the "Meiboku Sendai Hagi" world. Ten hayagawari roles are played by Ichikawa Danjûrô VII. It is staged with the following casting:
November 1815: Segawa Tamon I takes the name of Segawa Kikunojô V at the Kawarazakiza, playing in the drama "Yamato Meisho Sembon Zakura". March 1817: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of Tsuruya Namboku IV's drama "Sakura Hime Azuma Bunshô", which is staged with the following casting:
1819 ~ 1822: fifth period of production for the Kawarazakiza, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. September 1821: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of Tsuruya Namboku IV's drama "Tsuki no En Tsuki no Shiranami". The main role is played by Onoe Kikugorô III (Sadakurô) [Utagawa Toyokuni I print]. November 1821: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of Tsuruya Namboku IV's drama "Imoseyama Hitome Sembon", which mixes the "Yoshitsune Sembon Zakura" and "Imoseyama Onna Teikin" worlds. This play is staged with the following casting:
1823~1833: sixth period of production for the Kawarazakiza, which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. 1827: the Kamigata star Nakamura Karoku I arrives at the Kawarazakiza. September 1829: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance "Hana ni Chô Magaki no Ukareme", commonly called "Mitsumen Komori"; the leading role is played by Segawa Kikunojô V. November 1831: Sawamura Gennosuke II takes the name of Sawamura Tosshô I at the Kawarazakiza, playing in the drama "Matsu o Chikara Tomoe no Fujinami". 1837~1855: seventh period of production for the Kawarazakiza , which receives the license for Kabuki performances from the bankrupt Moritaza. March 1839: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance "Yashiki Musume". It is part of a 4-dance program, which is titled "Shiki no Nagame Maru-ni-I no Toshi" and stars Ichikawa Ebizô V, Sawamura Tosshô I and Ichikawa Danjûrô VIII. This program is about the four seasons and "Yashiki Musume", which is in fact titled "Rangiku no Kochô", is dedicated to the Autumn season. September 1839: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the Kiyomoto-based dance "Shimero Yare Iro no Kakegoe", which is still part of the current Kabuki repertoire under the title "Kanda Matsuri". It stars Sawamura Tosshô I, Onoe Eizaburô III and Ichikawa Ebizô V. March 1840: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance-drama "Kanjinchô", staged with the following casting:
19 December 1841: the Nakamuraza, Ichimuraza and Kawarazakiza are ordered to move to the remote district of Asakusa Saruwaka-chô. November 1846: Matsumoto Kôshirô VI takes the name of Matsumoto Kinshô at the Kawarazakiza, playing in the drama "Ichi-no-Tani Yukimi no Takadono". November 1848: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance-drama "Takigiô Yukima no Ichikawa". The leading roles are played by Ichikawa Kodanji IV, Bandô Mitsugorô IV and Ichikawa Danjûrô VIII. This dance is still part of the current repertoire and is staged under the title "Shin Yamamba". 1851: Iwai Kumesaburô III becomes tateonnagata at the Kawarazakiza. His main stage partner is the young star Ichikawa Danjûrô VIII. July 1852: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of Kawatake Mokuami's drama "Jiraiya Gôketsu Monogatari", which is staged with the following asting:
February 1853: premiere at the Kawarazakiza of the dance "Yanagi no Ito Hikuya Gohiiki"; the role of Sambasô is performed by Arashi Rikaku II. 2 October 1855: the Kawarazakiza is destroyed by the Ansei earthquake (Ansei Daijishin). July 1874: reopening of the Kawarazakiza in the district of Shiba Shinbori-chô; Kawarazaki Sanshô and Kawarazaki Fukujirô respectively take the names of Ichikawa Danjûrô IX (not holden for 20 years) and Kawarazaki Gonnosuke VIII. The new Gonnosuke produces in his rebuilt family theater the drama "Shinbutai Iwao no Kusunoki". May 1875: final performance under the name of Kawarazakiza. The theater is sold by Kawarazaki Gonnosuke VIII to investors not related to the Kabuki world. They decide to rename it Shinboriza. 1877: the Shinboriza goes bankrupt. |
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| Within the Kawarazakiza in March 1817 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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